Witulski, Thomas. Die Johannesoffenbarung und Kaiser Hadrian: Studien zur Datierung der neutestamentlichen Apokalpyse. Forschung zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments, vol. 221. Göttingen: Vandehoeck und Ruprecht, 2007. 415 pp. €84.00
This volume – part of his Habilitationsschrift! – argues that Revelation was written very late, around 132 AD.
Witulski argues that Rev 2:12-17.18-27; 13:1-18; 17:9-14 and 21:1-8 not only allows this very late dating, but substantiates it.
According to Witulski, the two beasts of Revelation 13 are the Emperor Hadrian and the Sophist Antonius Polemon, a friend and political advisor of the Emperor. The “throne of Satan” (Rev 2:13) can just as easily be identified with Traian’s temple in Pergamum.
The volume includes bibliographical references, sources, and index (p. 367-415). More here.
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